Category: OS X

Compiling and installing Apache on Mac OS X

Update: instead of the completely manual method, I’d now recommend using the most excellent Homebrew. The “missing package manager for OS X” will automatically download and compile the latest version and verify the checksums, amongst other niceties. It’s awesome, and only gaining more momentum.

Original post:

As you may already know, Apple bundles a version of Apache into Mac OS X. This httpd can be started in System Preferences > Sharing > Web Sharing. Its configuration files are located in /etc/apache2/.

Unfortunately, given Apple’s habit of not releasing patches too often, OS X’s Apache might lag a few versions behind. For example, bundled version on Snow Leopard at the time I’m writing this is 2.2.13; while the latest version is 2.2.15. It contains some (small to medium-ish depending on your setup) security fixes.

Hence, here I’m going to speak about building and installing your own Apache on OS X.

First, let’s get our hands on the sources: download the latest version from the Apache Foundation. Save it somewhere and check the integrity of the archive using MD5:

mbp:~ florent$ md5 ~/Downloads/httpd-2.2.15.tar.bz2
MD5 (/Users/florent/Downloads/httpd-2.2.15.tar.bz2) = 016cec97337eccead2aad6a7c27f2e14

Or SHA1:

mbp:~ florent$ shasum ~/Downloads/httpd-2.2.15.tar.bz2
5f0e973839ed2e38a4d03adba109ef5ce3381bc2  /Users/florent/Downloads/httpd-2.2.15.tar.bz2

These computed hashes should match the values given on the Apache website1.

Now time to configure our httpd.

Untar the archive, `cd` into the installation folder, and:

mbp:httpd-2.2.15 florent $ ./configure --prefix=/my/path

Here, the prefix we choose is the folder where apache will be installed. By default, it is set to /usr/local/apache2.

Now we just have to build and install Apache:

mbp:httpd-2.2.15 florent$ make && sudo make install

All set!

You can use apachectl to start the newly installed server:

mbp:~ florent$ sudo /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

1. If they don’t, you have quite a big problem: try downloading the archive again. If still no match, you may be the victim of a Man in the Middle attack; but a sloppy one (if you’re being tricked into downloading a fake archive, the attacker should be able to send you fake hashes too). Or more probably an infected mirror. Or even more probably you’re not reading the right hashes on the Apache website. : )

Screenshots and OS X: capturing a single window

One pretty awesomely simple thing under Mac OS is making great screenshots.

You might already be familiar with Mac OS X’s classical shortcuts for screenshots, Shift+Cmd+3 (full screen) and Shift+Cmd+4 (selection). But did you know you can shoot a single window without the hassle of selecting it from edge to edge, or worse, cropping from a full screenshot?

Press Shift+Cmd+4, then press the space bar.

A little camera appears, and allows you to capture the highlighted window of your choice.

The resulting image can be found at the same place as usual screenshots – by default, on the desktop, as a PNG file. With transparency and drop shadows, nothing less!

NB: apart from “real windows”, this camera can also capture the Dock, the menu bar, the desktop wallpaper, and even widgets.

A Keynote update is available. Would you like to open Software Update?

This nice explicative window popped up last time I opened Keynote (iWork ’09) :

A Keynote update is available. Would you like to open Software Update ?

Why yes, I would love to, but when I open Software Update…

Your software is up to date.

No updates are available.

What’s happening there ? Well, it seems that OS X’s Software Update only checks for /Applications/ to see if Apple applications (e.g. iWork, Aperture) are present on the system, and need upgrading. Which means that if you have some of these Apple applications located at any other place on your hard drive -in my case, being a subfolder-creating control freak, /Applications/Work/iWork ’09/Keynote.app -, they won’t update properly.

Easy fix? Put the iWork ’09 directory back into /Applications/, let Software Update do its job, and then reorganize your directories as you like. You will have to do it for each new update though.